The Circulatory System In Animals Physical Education Essay

The Circulatory System In Animals Physical Education EssayThe role of the circulative system in animals is the transportation of nutrients and oxygen to every cell that is in an animal organism, and to also remove waste products. The heart, blood vessels and blood are one-third vital components the body needs to survive. There are also new(prenominal) major roles the circulatory system has which are later discussed.Mammals have a stunt man circulatory system meaning two rophys that blood journeys by dint of pulmonary and systemic.Pulmonary Pulmonary circulation is the transportation of blood from the heart, to the lungs, and back to the heart again. Thepulmonarycircuit transports blood to the lungs for it to beoxygenatedand and then transported back to the heart. In the lungs, carbon dioxide is taken past from the blood, and oxygen taken up by the haemoglobin in the wild blood cells.Systemic Thesystemiccircuit transports blood around the body to deliver the oxygen and return sde-oxygenatedblood to the heart. Systemic circulation provides nutrition to all of the tissue dictated in the organism, with the exclusion of the heart and lungs as they have their own systems. See below for a diagram of the circulatory system.http//biology-forums.com/gallery/14755_10_09_12_7_22_08_85152044.jpegThis diagram is showing the circulatory system the pulmonary circuit where it is picking up oxygen from the lungs, and the systemic circuit which is transporting oxygen to the body.Author unknown (Date unknown)Heart The heart is a muscular pump, when the heart is beating it is pumping blood to the lungs and around your body. The amount of blood pumped can be calculated.Heart rate x stroke book = cardiac output.Below is a diagram of the heart.httphttps://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcVX2hqu-JHcX6-fbKf4DF8GBI1084LupDgBp7Yxla-WXTsrTPZT8XZMJHgd60HIWk_T5wewbXZ_oT1eiZU-_XutyuVC4_Fv4Ho-lQVJe1FvwyEn0aMQX6IiaoKVJIV-QT0K3a1WwkBvr4/s1600/HumanHeartDiagram.jpgAuthor unknown (Date unknown)This diagram of the heart is shown from in the front. So the proper(ip)side is shown on theleft. Theleftsi de is on therightside of the diagram. The heart has four chambers. The twoatriagather the blood. The two ventriclespump blood out of the heart. Valvesstop the blood from flowing backwards. Theseptumsplits the two sides of the heart. The right side of the heart pumpsde-oxygenatedblood to the lungs to pick up oxygen. The left side of the heart pumps the oxygenatedblood from the lungs around the rest of the body.Blood Vessels There are threesome different types of blood vesselArteriesArteries transport oxygenated blood from the heart, except from the pulmonary artery which goes to the lungs where the blood would be deoxygenated.Arteries have thick muscular walls and have elflike lumen and they contain blood which is under high pressure.VeinsVeins transport blood to the heart which is always de-oxygenated except the pulmonary vein which goes from the lungs to the heart where the blood would be oxygenated. Veins have thin walls and larger lumen and they contain blood which is under low pressure. Veins also have valves to stop blood from flowing backwards.CapillariesCapillaries are determined in the lungs and muscles, when capillaries are looked at under a microscope they are one cell thick, blood is of very low pressure. The capillaries are where oxygen passes through the capillary tubing wall into the tissues and where carbon dioxide passes from tissues in to the blood.Blood Animal organisms cant survive without blood. Without blood, organs wouldnt startle oxygen and nutrients that they need to live animals wouldnt be able to forestall warm or cool down, fight infections, or get rid of waste products. Without enough blood, animals would weaken and die.The circulatory system works carefully with other systems in animal organisms. It delivers oxygen and nutrients to organisms by working with the respiratory system. The circulatory system assists carrying waste and carbon dioxide out of the organism.The circulatory system also has its bulge in fighting disease in carrying specialised cells which are made in the organs of the immune system.The circulatory system is responsible for the transportation of hormones. Hormones mark off vast amount of things such as growth, the reproductive cycle and glucose metabolism. Hormones are produced in one part of the body, such as the brain or the liver, and then must be moved to a nonher part of the body by the circulatory system for them to transport their message.The circulatory systems other main role is to put body temperature, if body temperature rises then blood vessels close to the skin increase in size so that more heat is directed in to the picnic and vice versa if body temperature drops the blood vessels decrease in size so the heat will retain in the body.Factors which can influence transportation and circulation in animalsHigh blood pressure (Essential hypertension) where in that respect is no specific cause.High blood pressure of a known cause (secondary hypertension).Low fluid volume which will also include low blood pressure.Low cardiac output. (-Adrenoreceptor antagonists).Obstruct membrane changes and cardiac output, will cause widening of the blood vessels.Aneurysms, where there is weakening in the artery walls, mainly the aorta.Arteriosclerosis is where the artery walls are hardening and thickening loss of elasticity which is part of aging.Atherosclerosis which is the process in the progression of plaques in the lumen which is located in blood vessels.All of these may also be influenced by physiological factors for e.g. diet, exercise, disease, drugs or alcohol, obesity and trim weight.Control mechanisms in animalsSelf-regulating mechanisms, where biological systems try to uphold stable internal conditions e.g., blood pressure and body temperature, when there are changes in the outside environment. Internal environment of any living organism was upheld constant within certain restrictions. Homeostasis is usually achieved through two types of regulating s ystems on-off control and feedback control.Hormonesoften lam a main role in care homeostatic constancy.Homeostasis is carried out around the whole body reaches every cell up to organs and systems.Enzymes could not work properly, which means nothing could operate correctly if there is not a constant internal environment this would mean the living organism would die. each single cell is bathed in a watery solution, which is made by some blood plasma which is allowed to escape out of blood. This will carry away any waste back into the blood.The balance in tissue fluid is vital for the cells and the organism.There are six things that must be controlled in an organism for good healthCarbon dioxideAdditional carbon dioxide must be taken away or else the body becomes too acidic. Carbon dioxide is mainly confused in the air we breathe out, but a minor amount is lost in the urine.UreaUrea is poisonous and must be take away from the organism this chemical is made when amino acids are dige sted in the liver. This is a waste chemical and is mainly removed through urine and sweat.IonsCells can give the axe up swollen, shrivelled or sometimes burst, if the right balance is not kept in ions. Sodium, potassium, hydrogen and phosphate are important ions. These are controlled through how much water is drunk by the organism some are lost like sodium ions, through faeces and sweat.SugarThere has to be enough glucose for respiration and satisfactory stores of glycogen. When blood glucose levels fall too low the organism will die.Water70% of body mass is water. Not keeping the right amount of water the organism would die.TemperatureEnzymes that control all the chemical reactions in an organism work best at the temperature of approx. 37 degrees centigrade, if the organism was to get too hot or too cold the enzymes would die concluding in the organism to die.