The Battle Of The Civil War - 1363 Words

They say hindsight is 20/20 but many historians look back at the Civil War and see the event so differently from one another. These disagreements stem from variances in opinions as to what the cause of the Civil War was in the first place. Viewpoints certainly vary on all topics related to the Civil War but none so tempestuous as Lincoln’s military actions to stop the secession of the South. To the Confederacy, the Civil War was primarily about states’ rights, centered on the issue of slavery. From the viewpoint of the North, the Civil War was primarily about the unconstitutional action of succession and the outrageous, aggressive actions at Fort Sumter. Although some may see Lincoln as a tyrannical leader, the ends certainly justified the means. At the surrender by the Confederacy at Appomattox Court House the country was once again whole, slavery had been abolished, and the Federal Government was empowered. Federalism is the idea that no branch becomes too powerful, whether it be at the local, state, or federal level. Ultimately Federal Law takes precedent. This became a problem when the government put tariffs on the imports from Europe which drove the prices up on goods that the South needed. The North was also putting tax pressure on the cotton that the South was producing. The South felt that they were being put in a position where they couldn’t win. The North was benefiting from the South, but the South wasn’t benefiting from the North. President Buchanan was aShow MoreRelatedThe Battle Of The Civil War1127 Words   |  5 Pagesshaken by the Civil War because some states wanted to separate themselves from this unity that had lasted for approximately 100 years. The American Civil War is a historic affair and one of the bloodiest battles in history of the US (Engle, Krick, 2003). It is considered one of the bloodstained happenings in the history of the US because more than 600, 000 people died. A majority of this number were soldiers. This fatal battle happened between the years 1861 to 1865. The Civil War emerged becauseRead MoreThe Battle Of The Civil War Essay1424 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout the years 1861 to 1865 the American Civil War took place and it is known as Americas bloodiest war. The cause of the Civil war was the debate between free states and slave states over the government trying to prohibit slavery. In 1860 Abraham Lincoln became president of the United States and ran on the platform to keep slavery out of the new unclaimed territories of the United States. Once Lincoln became president seven southern states seceded from the Union ultimately creating the ConfederateRead MoreThe Battle Of The Civil War1666 Words   |  7 PagesThe Civil war was one of the biggest turning points in United States history. The nation’s failure to compromise on the subject of slavery led to an outbreak of war. Battles such as Gettysburg, Vicksburg, and Shiloh led to what we know of today as a free nation. Great technological advancements in weaponry led to mass c asualties among both north and south, often making death inevitable. Those who bravely served and those who were forced to serve lived a life of fear, starvation, and commitment toRead MoreThe Battle Of The Civil War1191 Words   |  5 PagesWhen the Civil War started both sides thought the war would be over by Christmas. But little did they know this small war would turn into the deadliest war in American history. The Civil War was fought between the Confederacy and the Union. The Confederacy was consisted of Southern states that did not agree with the views of the Union states. After years of sectional differences in the United States between the north and south, tension between the states grew and a war between the north and southRead MoreThe Battle Of The Civil War1073 Words   |  5 PagesThe Civil War was a war that was thought to would have lasted no longer than ninety days. After all was said and done, the war lasted more than four years and claimed tens of thousands of li ves of both The Union and The Confederate States. There were several battles fought on Northern and Southern soil, battles that forced bloody mortal combat between brothers in the fight for equality amongst all men. It tested the strength of the foundation that the United States was built upon. The Civil War wasRead MoreThe Battle Of The Civil War960 Words   |  4 PagesHave you ever wondered why the Civil War happened or why it was so substantial to American History? What was the battle that changed it all; that made it the history it is today? Many people have made speculations on the causes of the war and what the major turning point was, but cannot really narrow it down. In James McPherson’s Crossroads of Freedom: Antietam he points out the pivotal moments in American history that led up to and changed the Civil War, so that the reader can get a better insightRead MoreThe Battle Of The Civil War1197 Words   |  5 PagesMarianna, FL. The battle will be virtually unkno wn in the history of the Civil War, but its success marked the longest successful incursion of Union troops into Florida (Cox, 2014). This raid had two goals; the first was to rescue the reported Union prisoners and the second was to liberate and enlist any slaves that were found along the route (Calvin, 2014). The prisoners were not located, but more than 600 slaves were liberated along their route (Cox, 2014). The subsequent battle did not last longRead MoreThe Battle Of The Civil War1163 Words   |  5 Pageshad already decided to secede from the Union. Those 7 states started the Confederate States of America, run by their own President, Jefferson Davis. This same issue was the catalyst for the Civil War which started on April 12, 1861. One of the major and well-known battles of the Civil War was the Battle of Gettysburg. It was on this backdrop that Abraham Lincoln delivered a speech that is â€Å"universally recognized by historians and scholars alike as the most famous and most important speech everRead MoreThe Battle Of The Civil War1233 Words   |  5 PagesIt is evident that the Civil War helped shape America into the country it is today. The strong factional division -based on slavery- between the Union and the Confederacy guaranteed certain achievements of both sides. Much of what we consider history today remains a part of the outcome from these multiple bloody battles. Activist John Muir of the Civil War-era stated, â€Å"the traces of war are not only apparent on the broken fields, burnt fences, mills, and woods ruthlessly slaughtered, but also onRead MoreThe Battle Of The Civil War1133 Words   |  5 Pagesfierce battles were fought to secure the rights and freedom of both men and women, irrespective of their religion, gender, and race. Of all of the battles, the American Civil War stands out. Divided into the Union and the Confederacy, the American civil war broke out after the southern states seceded due to slavery that spread in many parts of the country. The Civil War began in the year 1861 and ended four years later. The end result was the Union becoming victorious in 1865. The Civil War was a

Adaptations The Cold War - 1494 Words

The Cold War John Keenan Adaptations Mrs. Andrade 26 April 2015 Keenan 1 John Keenan Mrs. Andrade 26 April 2015 Adaptations The Cold War The post-war relationship between the United States of America and the Soviet Union became known as the Cold War. â€Å"The two nations that emerged with the strongest militaries when World War II ended spent the next 45 years waging multi-layered competitions, first in Europe, then Asia, Africa and Latin America† (Brinkley). The major events of the Cold War consist of the start of the war, the end, the Cuban Missile Crisis, the Bay of Pigs invasion, and the Berlin Wall. The Soviets had the idea stuck in their heads that Communism would eventually take over the world (Garthoff). The United States started their policy of containment, which was designed to stop communist ideas from spreading (Brinkley). Both sides believed that war was unavoidable. Not just any war was unavoidable, nuclear war was. Both sides also understood that a nuclear war would ruin humanity. â€Å"The fundamental underlying cause of the Cold War was the reinforcing belief in both the Soviet Union and the United States that confrontation was unavoidable, imposed by history† (Brinkley). Good or bad, the Cold War altered the United States militarily, culturally, economically, and politically, shaping us into who we are today. A great cinematography example of the Cold War would be The Hunt for Red October. This movie brilliantly portrayed the tense relationshipShow MoreRelatedThe Cold War : New Technology And Human Testing957 Words   |  4 Pagesdestroying entire cities, American war time political appeals were successful in justifying the creation and utilization of the world s first weapon of mass destruction The Cold War: New technology and Human Testing The idea of immoral scientific developments continues well into the Cold War. The United States government called for a large expansion of nuclear, chemical and biological testing programs spanning from World War II to the end of the Cold War. These tests involved both direct weaponsRead MoreEssay about Elaine Tyler May’s Homeward Bound1175 Words   |  5 Pagespostwar Americans turned to marriage and parenthood with such enthusiasm and commitment, May discovers that cold war ideology and the domestic revival [were] two sides of the same coin: postwar Americans intense need to feel liberated from the past and secure in the future. (May, p. 5-6, 10) According to May, domestic containment was an outgrowth of the fears and aspirations unleashed after the war -- Within the home, potentially dangerous social forces of the new age might be tamed, where they couldRead MoreAmerican Way Of Life ( Rudiger ) Essay920 Words   |  4 Pagescivilian cities in terroristic fashion. The ju stification of the United States use of nuclear weapons has come under fire from journalists and the public alike following the World War II era. Along with violating the standards set out by the Geneva convention, many argue that the weapons were not even necessary to win the war as there was no possibility for a Japanese victory. (Mason 2014). Proponents of the decision however, argue that the use of nuclear technology saved American troops from harm sRead MoreThe Concept Of A Naval Battle1036 Words   |  5 Pagessubmarine would be developed in the late 19th century and would be first used successfully in warfare by the Germans in World War 1. It arguably led to the American’s victory over Japan in World War II. Since their development submarines have paved the way for the evolution of strategy, revolutionary new tactics, as well as playing a vital role in the nuclear triad, redefining war. No longer would the Mahanian strategy of a decisive battle be the norm, nor considered the best way to fight naval battlesRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of Cold Mountain 1298 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis Charles Frazier’s first novel, Cold Mountain, has earned him a great amount of notoriety. From having a film adaptation of his novel in 2003, to receiving a National Book Award in fiction in 1997. Cold Mountain opens with a quotation from a journal entry by Charles Darwin: â€Å"It is difficult to believe in the dreadful but quiet war of organic beings, going on in the peaceful woods and smiling fields.† And indeed, Frazier’s acclaimed novel describes a war of beings built of flesh and blood–ofRead MoreBuilding A Theory Of Intelligence Systems944 Words   |  4 Pagesto formulate policy. Smith focuses on how the CIA and its military counterparts had to adapt their approach to surveillance on the Soviet Union’s weapons and radar systems to gather relevant information and inform policy makers. The technological adaptation spurred a change in the CIA’s analysis of the information that in turn affected the United States’ ability to un derstand the Soviet Union and formulate policies around it. Warner first compares previous writings on intelligence and what otherRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Cold Mountain 1296 Words   |  6 PagesCharles Frazier’s first novel, Cold Mountain, has earned him a great amount of notoriety. From having a film adaptation of his novel in 2003, to receiving a National Book Award in fiction in 1997. Cold Mountain opens with a quotation from a journal entry by Charles Darwin: â€Å"It is difficult to believe in the dreadful but quiet war of organic beings, going on in the peaceful woods and smiling fields.† And indeed, Frazier’s acclaimed novel describes a war of beings built of flesh and blood–of courseRead MoreWhy Do States Choose For Fight Limited And Proxy Wars?1365 Words   |  6 Pagesfight limited and/or proxy wars? How effective is this as a strategy? With the conclusion of World War Two, a thirty-five year period of political and military tension erupted primarily between two superpowers: the United States (US) and the Soviet Union (USSR). This period of time is known as the Cold War. The Cold War was a conflict of differing ideologies amid the superpowers and formed the basis of conflict; war fought by proxy and limitation. Proxy and limited wars are fought in order to secureRead MoreLord of the Flies: A Comparison of the Novel and the Film1321 Words   |  5 PagesLord of the Flies: A Comparison of Novel and Film In 1954, at the height of Cold War tensions and in the continually unfolding aftermath of World War II, William Golding produced an allegorical novel of singular potency. With Lord of the Flies, Golding simultaneously captured the sense of our collective lost innocence and of our mutual descent into savagery, using a lot of castaway grade-school boys to demonstrate that such behavior may well be in mans inherent nature. Goldings text would notRead MoreA Study On Admiralty Law And Maritime Law1048 Words   |  5 Pagesneutrality of states remaining neutral, and a neutral state had a duty to remain impartial. At the end of the Crimean War in 1856, the plenipotentiaries adopted the nonbinding Declaration Respecting Maritime Law in conjunction with the Treaty of Peace that abolished the practice of privateering and stated that if a neutral flag covers enemy goods, except contraband that could support the war effort and shall not be exempted from enemy capture. The Prize courts establis hed the doctrine of â€Å"continuous voyage†

Family Communication

Question: Discuss about theFamily Communication. Answer: Introduction Communication relates to the sharing of ideas, concepts, thoughts and also feelings amongst different members in an organisation or community. Communication is carried out in a verbal, written and non-verbal fashion where verbal and written communication essentially focuses on the use of letters and words for generation of information and messages to the concerned parties or stakeholders. Non-verbal communication ideally focuses on the use of gestures and body languages to communicate effective information to concerned stakeholders or interested parties. Even silence is also considered as an effective art or way of communication (Pokharel, 2011). The paper potentially focuses on identifying and highlighting the significance of communication activities conducted within a family system. It would also focus on identifying the factors that tend to contribute in the emergence of potential conflicts within a family system and the different strategies that can be undertaken for resolving problems or issues contributing to the emergence of conflicting situations. Empirical research would be carried out through the study of articles available online reflecting on family communication, emergence and resolving of family conflicts. Significance of Communication in a Family System The significance of communication within a family can be effectively evaluated from the following points. Effective communication enabled between family members contribute in development of needed understandings and agreement regarding feelings, sentiments and statements made by each other. Communication carried out between the family members help each other in understanding and respecting each others thoughts and feelings and also appreciating individual thoughts and decisions regarding an issue or event. Further, development of communication within a family system also contributes in shaping values and also in rendering solutions to issues that tend to affect the family members. Again, development of communication habits between family members also helps in ceasing of gossips and thereby aids the family members to understand the facts related to the issues. Communication activities carried out between family members also contributes in enhancing the level of trust and support needed for countering the impacts generated by emerging situations (Dahlen et al, 2010). Development of needed love and support amongst family members potentially contributes in generating a hearing ear to the problems or difficulties faced by specific individuals and thereby in resolving them in an effective fashion. Communication carried out between family members for resolving a problematic issue also encourages them to share diverse perspectives related to the specific situation or problem. Sharing of perspectives, thoughts and ideas by experienced family members ideally help others in finding effective solutions to the same type of problems or issues suffered by the people. The act of communication carried out between family members in an uninterrupted fashion also contributes in thickening of bonds that tend to last over lifetimes. At times when certain family members are faced with issues or problems they focus on taking shelter within the family in that the same provides the members with needed safety and support. Effectiveness of communication activities carried between family members is also evaluated from the fact that it contributes in reducing the chances of disagreements or strife between them (Lindstrom, 2004). Similarly, communication carried out between parents with their children and also between parents amongst themselves and with other family members elderly or young rightly contributes in increasing the level of transparency between them. It thus helps in enhancing the level of dependency of the children on their parents and also on their siblings for gaining needed intellectual and manpower support in resolving problems and issues. Members of parental groups are required to carry out effective communication with the children and the youngsters to understand their current involvements. The same can help the parents in guiding the youngsters to make correct choices in their life and also in quitting addictive products and practices that would ruin their careers and personal lives (Brody, 2010). The aspect of communication carried out within a family system also contributes in enhancing and in sustaining needed harmony between the family members and thereby in ideally representing them as a group and not as specific individuals. The communication activities between family members has earned needed sophistication based on the use of different telephonic and internet enabled gadgets like mobile phones, Smartphones and other devices like tablets, personal computers and laptops. The development of other applications like web chat and Skype has further helped the family members to sustain their communication practices overseas thus helping in both strengthening and enhancing the existing family bonds (Brooks, 2008). The employment of such technological tools has also contributed in enhancing the aspect of real time communication thus encouraging the family members to both communicate and share pictorial and textual contents between each other. The development and use of internet and communication technology rightly helps the family members in sharing of emotions and feelings and also in providing needed guidance to the individuals that have settled overseas for confronting with emerging problems and issues both along their domestic and professional lives. The communication tools and mediums thus serve as an extended tool relating to the aspect of family support and integrity. Family members also focus on pursuing communication while sitting at the table in a collective fashion to take their meals. The above practice contributes in encouraging individuals share experiences and feelings and also earn suggestions from senior members of the family (Wind, 2006). Communication activities pursued by family members in a day-to-day fashion rightly contribute in developing an effective cultural framework of shared values, experiences and trust and thus strongly and affectionately bind them to each other. This helps them in being avid listeners and also in understanding and respecting the sense of diversity observed within a family pertaining to the different types of thoughts, feelings, sentiments, emotions and ideas generated by each of the family members. It thereby helps the individual family members to effectively empathise with the needs, wants and expectations of the different family members (Chang et al, 2006). Factors Contributing to Occurrence of Conflict in Family System Different factors tend to contribute in the emergence of conflicts within a family. The loss of jobs and problems associated with financing of day-to-day activities tend to create increased family tensions thereby leading to conflicts between couples. The present day instability of the employment climate with also difficulty in sustaining and enhancing the financial health of the family contribute in affecting the economic position and livelihood of the other family members. It thus tends to contribute in the emergence of conflicting situations within the family owing to increasing tensions for carrying out the daily economic and social activities. Similarly, increased and unaccounted spending of one of the family members tends to affect the financial health of the family leading to disputes between the husband and wife (Dyer, 2013). Further, the growth of differences between the thoughts, perceptions and ideas between the daughters-in-law with her mother-in-law also contribute to emergence of family feud. The conflict of interest between the female members of the family vehemently disturbs the family peace and makes the other family members the emotional sufferers of such family conflicts where one of the female members deciding of quitting the home. Negative competition between siblings inside a family also amount to potential conflicts. The competition that grows between siblings from their very tender age tends to gain impetus as they grow to youngsters and thereby to adults. Increasing levels of competition between the siblings make them isolate themselves from each other and also from other family members that focus on generating emotional, financial and other types of support to their opponent siblings. The above situation in some cases also happens to disturb and affect the lifestyle of the family members even causing separation within the family. Creation of a separatist family culture further affects the internal productivity and efficiency of the family members causing further tensions (Libai et al, 2010).. Family conflicts are also observed to gain emergence and impetus owing to arguments between the parental groups regarding disciplinary issues of their children. The conflict arises in that one of the parents like the father or the mother focuses on being a strict disciplinarian and thereby requires the children to ideally follow the footsteps laid regarding disciplinary aspects both along the domestic, social and professional fronts while the other focuses on safeguarding the children and acts as the consoler. In cases where any complaint is generated from schools, colleges and the like regarding erroneous disciplinary conducts of the children, the father or mother acting as the disciplinarian in the house aims in taking stern actions for refraining the children in being further involved in such erroneous conducts. The consoler on the contrary, endeavours to safeguard the children from the anger of the opposite parent that often leads to heated arguments creating potential conflicts (Buyya et al, 2009). The aspect of poor communication between the family members often tends to cause potential misunderstandings leading to potential conflicts. Failure in effectively communicating with each other also affects the level of empathy of family members towards each other potentially leading to events like estrangements and divorces. Lack of development of effective values and cultures within the families owing to the failure of the parents in highlighting effective examples in the eyes of their children and also separation of parents tend to affect the mental situation of their children. The children having turned into adults thus tend to reflect the same type of behaviours and attitudes towards their spouses and also with the elderly members leading to internal family conflicts (Ferrell, O.C. and Hartline, 2008). Unrealistic expectations of the couples regarding the financial and educational situations tend to potentially affect the family harmony causing disputes. Wives or husbands regard their counterparts as equally effective in contributing to increase the family earnings. The failure of wives or husbands in failing to meet the financial and educational expectations of their counterparts creates increased conflicts between them creating estrangement and divorce between them. The habit of over spending by the male and female counterparts within the family also affects their internal solidarity amounting to disputes (Noam and Pupillo, 2008). Similarly, cases of increased alcohol and other types of drug consumption by the family members either the family youths or by members of the parent groups leading to uncontrolled behaviours and occurrences tend to significantly affect the internal harmony of the families leading to conflicts. The alcoholic husbands are observed to abuse and torture their wives that in turn cause increased family conflicts often amounting to separation. The husbands in other cases are also observed to be largely engaged in activities like gambling and playing of rummy that require them to generate significant investments thereby draining of the family finances. The same creates internal tensions inside the family causing conflicts (Smith, 2011). Again, cases of moral and sexual infidelity of the wives or husbands towards their respective counterparts affect the level of internal trust between them leading to potential problems. The event of distrust that has emerged between the wives and husbands tends to significantly affect the internal harmony within the family and thereby leading to conflicts and events of divorce. Increased level of dishonesty of the family members reflected against each other is identified as a crime by the sufferers for which they focus on gaining legal support creating further family tensions and feuds (Lindstrom, 2004). Work alcoholism and also increased addiction of family members to internet enabled gadgets like Smartphones, tabs and laptops for purposes of chat, seeing of viral videos and other contents and also in continually working overtimes potentially creates internal tension in the households amounting to conflicts. Individuals nowadays are observed to be increasingly addicted to social networking sites like Facebook, Twitter and also in chatting activities relating to instant messenger applications like WhatsApp that reduce the quality times regarding spending with their children and families. The above issues tend to significantly contribute in the emergence of potential conflicts inside the family (Brody, 2010). Effective Strategies for Reducing Conflicts among Family Members Effective coping strategies are needed to be undertaken for effectively resolving the internal conflicts occurring between family members. Family members like couples involved in conflicts can be largely encouraged to collaborate with each other for generating effective solutions to family problems. The increased involvement of the disputing family members in joint decision making potentially helps in creating bindings between them. Similarly, the family members involved in regular disputes can be rightly encouraged to tour along different places with other families as groups. Touring along different places potentially helps in easing their tension and thus helps in reducing the amount of disputes and conflicts in their homes. The family groups involved in conflicts can also be largely encouraged to participate in laughing clubs such that the same would help in reducing the level of internal tensions and also the growing conflicts between the internal members (Kirby Marsden, Connect ed Marketing, 2012). Equal distribution of interest and responsibility among the different family members contribute in reduction of internal and family conflicts. The family members are required to enter into an effective negotiation with the support generated by an outside party like an ombudsman that would help in generating effective solutions to potential issues. Further, the family members are also required to jointly arrive at a consensus through which they would understand and appreciate the reasons or contributors to the family conflicts. The same would help the people in evaluating the factors or their repeated behaviour that contributed to such family feud and thereby would potentially help them from restraining like practices for resolving potential conflicts. Another effective strategy for resolving family disputes relates to development of the art of listening. The development of the art of listening would rightly help the family members in understanding the changing needs and expectations and thereby in devising effective means for resolving internal issues. The family members are required to visit consultants and experts for helping them in resolving issues contributing to family conflicts and disputes. They are also required to effectively compromise their own behaviours, practices and attitudes for the sake of attaining domestic peace (Bailey, 2011). From the viewpoint of perspectives, the conflict resolution strategy rightly requires the individuals to firstly evaluate their own perspective, then the perspective of the other and third party in an aim to resolve the domestic conflicts. In terms of evaluating ones own or personal perspective the individual is required to evaluate and understand the factors that are bothering him or her while in a family setting. Further, the evaluation of the personal perspective is also required to be carried out to understand the different factors that would help in satisfying their needs and in securing their life such that they dont suffer from fear or depression. Again, evaluation from the perspective of the other person would require the individual to empathise with the needs and expectations of the other person which would help the individual to rectify, adjust and change ones own behaviour to reduce chances of family conflicts. Finally, from the point of view of the third party the individ ual is required to take the role of an ombudsman that focuses on viewing the situation from an external standpoint. The perspective of the third party is undertaken under evaluation such that the third party focuses on generating a solution to the problem in an indifferent and unattached fashion. The same helps the individual to resolve problems or issues in a neutral fashion than influenced by the emotions and feelings of others (Spinetti, 2012). The art of forgetting and forgiving are considered two essential tools that contribute in resolving the emergence of potential conflicts. One must learn and understand the manner of forgetting and forgiving the conducts of others howsoever unfavourable the same appears to be to others. The individuals are however required to identify effective opportunities for involving the person identified to be guilty of conduct in potential discussions where the impacts generated by his or her wrongdoings or conducts can be brought before their own eyes. The same would help the individuals to effectively and responsively adjust their conducts and attitudes such that the same would rightly contribute in reducing the existence of potential conflicts and thereby in creating a situation of harmony and togetherness in the family(Kirby Marsden, Connected Marketing, 2012). Conclusions The report effectively analyses the significance of communication activity carried out within a family system. It reflects the factors for which communication is needed to be carried out within the members in a family and the modes through which the family members can engage in quality communication practices to generate effective decisions and solutions to emerging problems and issues. Further, the report also reflects on the potential conflicts that arises between family members and the different factors or contributors that cause the rise of conflicts within the family. The report also reflects on the potential strategies that can be undertaken to minimise the impacts of the conflicts occurring within the family. The effectiveness of the diverse strategies for reducing family conflicts is also studied in the paper such that the same can be effectively employed by the family members for reducing the chances of emergence of family conflicts. References Bailey, R. (2011). Letting children be children: report of an Independent Review of the Commercialisation and Sexualisation of Childhood. United States : The Stationery Office. Brody, E. (2010), Jones Soda a role model for health brand marketers, Trajectory, 12 Dec, Retrieved October 29 2016 from https://www.trajectory4brands.com/blog/2010/12/jones-soda-a-role-model-for-health-brand-marketers/ Brooks, Ian (2008), Steps to Success, Retrieved October 29 2016 from https://www.ianbrooks.com/useful-ideas/steps/029.asp Buyya, R.; Yeo, C. S.; Venugopal, S.; Broberg, J. and Brandic, I. (2009), Cloud computing and emerging IT platforms: Vision, hype, and reality for delivering computing as the 5th utility, Future Generation computer systems, vol. 25, no.6, pp.599-616 Chang, H., Jamin, S., Willinger, W. (2006). To peer or not to peer: Modeling the evolution of the Internets AS-level topology, Ann Arbor, vol. 1001, pp. 48109-2122. Dahlen, M.; Lange, F. and Smith, T. (2010), Marketing Communications: A Brand Narrative Approach, John Wiley and Sons, UK Dyer, P. (2013), The Importance of Brand Recommendations in Your Marketing Strategy, Social Media Today,3 Sept, Retrieved October 29 2016 from https://socialmediatoday.com/pamdyer/1711991/importance-brand-recommendations-your-marketing-strategy Ferrell, O.C. and Hartline, M.D. (2008), Marketing With Cd, 14E (Sie), Cengage Learning, USA Bailey, R. (2011). Letting children be children: report of an Independent Review of the Commercialisation and Sexualisation of Childhood. United States : The Stationery Office. Kirby, J., Marsden, P. (2012). Connected Marketing. United Kingdom: Routledge. Lindstrom, M. (2004). BrandChild: Remarkable Insights into the Minds of Today's Global Kids and Their Relationship with Brands . United States : Kogan Page Publishers. Marketing. (2012, August 1). The death of discounting: P2P marketing trend social gifting hits Australia. Retrieved October 29 2016, from www.marketingmag.com.au: https://www.marketingmag.com.au/news/the-death-of-discounting-p2p-marketing-trend-social-gifting-hits-australia-17380/#.UqgD-ScQT8d Spinetti, L. (2012, March 21). Peer-to-peer (P2P) Marketing A Valid Supplement To Social Media Marketing. Retrieved October 29 2016, from bosmol.com: https://bosmol.com/2012/03/peer-to-peer-p2p-marketing-a-valid-supplement-to-social-media-marketing.html#.UqfaoCcQT8e Wind, Y. J. (2006), Blurring the lines: is there a need to rethink industrial marketing?. Journal of Business Industrial Marketing, vol. 21, No. 7, pp. 474-481.

Milton Friedmans Goal of the Firm

Milton Friedman’s goal of the firm is viewed by many people as one of the most senseless ideas that have ever been made in the business world. The idea, which made its first appearance in a New York Times’ article in 1970, would raise a lot of controversy as many entrepreneurs refuted it for various reasons.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Milton Friedman’s Goal of the Firm specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In this popular statement, Milton Friedman had expressed his controversial stand that the only purpose behind business activities is to bring profit to shareholders (Carroll Shabana, 2010). Many people viewed this as a provocative statement that can be translated as a greedy perception. Myriad discussions were constantly raised as people in the business world continued to express their criticism on the matter, with majority of them arguing that there is more in business than just generatin g revenue for the shareholders. As a matter of fact, Milton Friedman’s goal of the firm does not apply to our understanding of the role of business in society. The truth of the matter, however, is that businesses have a large responsibility of taking care of employees, customers, and the society at large. Employees, who happen to be one of the most reliable assets that companies can ever have, deserve to be recognized and taken care of by the businesses they serve. Businesses also have the responsibility of paying tax to relevant government bodies, thus enabling the government to provide public services to the citizens. Companies also have the responsibility of ensuring that certain business essentials and requirements are fulfilled in order for them to thrive and survive in the market. This would have the meaning that the society today expects businesses to offer more than just focusing on maximizing profits and revenues for the shareholders. For example, consumers will alwa ys expect to see the best in terms of quality and value in everything that they purchase, and it is therefore the responsibility of businesses to ensure that these attributes are fully met.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More More importantly, it is also the responsibility of businesses to keep their working environments safe and clean. Some of the most effective ways through which this goal can be achieved is by manufacturing eco-friendly products and by ensuring that factory waste is properly managed. As a matter of fact, governments have a role to play in expanding the Friedman discussion. This way, people will get to understand that businesses do have numerous social responsibilities apart from just making profits for the shareholders (Hammond, 2005). If the sole role of business was to make profits for shareholders as Friedman points out, entrepreneurs will not find purpose in focusing on any other social responsibility apart from maximizing revenues for their businesses. This, however, would bring serious implications on societies who have always benefitted greatly from the vast social responsibilities offered by businesses in the contemporary world. For example, businesses are arguably the largest source of government revenue, which in turn is used to support communities in various ways. Considering the importance of all these social responsibilities that tend to have a direct impact on people’s lives, there is a need for governments to expand the Friedman discussion. This, however, would serve as a platform to convince people that, unlike Friedman’s idea that profits are the sole purpose of all businesses, there are diverse social responsibilities that are played by businesses in today’s world. References Carroll, A. B., Shabana, K. M. (2010). The business case for corporate social responsibility: a review of concepts, researc h and practice. International Journal  of Management Reviews, 12(1), 85-105. Hammond, J. D. (2005). Theory and measurement: causality issues in Milton  Friedman’s monetary economics. England: Cambridge University Press.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Milton Friedman’s Goal of the Firm specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay on Milton Friedman’s Goal of the Firm was written and submitted by user Cailyn Lee to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Problems with Included Tree Bark

Problems with Included Tree Bark Included bark or ingrown bark tissues often develop where two or more stems grow closely together causing weak, under-supported branch angles. Bark often grows around the branching stem attachment and into the union between the two stems. Bark has no strong supportive fiber strength as wood does so the connection is much weaker than a union without included bark. Pruning All maturing trees are subject to having bark inclusions and need pruning while limbs are smaller and easier to remove. Any signs of a cracked weak branch angle (shaped like a V) with included bark that occurs on the main stem or any included bark areas on larger, lower limbs should be considered a defect. Connected stems with a supported U or Y shape are desirable.  Proper pruning will help prevent included bark and encourage the proper shape. Dont Automatically Worry about Decay The presence of decay by itself does not make the tree a hazard tree. All trees have some rot and decay with advancing age. Decay is a problem where the wood is soft and hollowed out along with the presence of mushrooms/conks. Take immediate action if advanced decay is present or associated with weak branches or included bark. Signs for Concern   A weak branch union occurs on the main stem.A weak branch union is associated with a crack, cavity, or another defect.

4 ways to manage your emotions as a nurse

4 ways to manage your emotions as a nurse Nurses face many professional challenges. Their jobs are both physically and mentally draining, and on top of working in extremely stressful, pressure-filled environments they have to deal with a seemingly never-ending array of competing priorities and demands on their time, a ton of diverse patient and colleague personalities, and often-grueling work schedules. With all of these intense challenges, is it any wonder that nurses sometimes find themselves struggling to manage their emotions in an effective and healthy way? If you’re a nurse who sometimes finds that the intense demands of the job make it difficult to manage your emotions effectively, you’re not alone. According to a survey conducted by the American Nurses Association, â€Å"Nurses face many hazards on the job†¦ Fatigue from overwork and stressful conditions strains RNs’ health.† Approximately 74% of nurse respondents reported that the effects of stress and overwork are among their primar y work concerns, which often leads to physical and emotional fatigue and burnout.Although some nurses can effectively channel their stress and perform their jobs at consistently high levels in nearly any situation, the reality is that others struggle with this on a daily basis- and many suffer- with the end result being an inability to manage their emotions.However- this doesn’t have to be the case!There are effective strategies for nurses to manage their emotions and maintain a grounded and healthy emotional state- both on the job and off. Nurse.org recently published an article highlighting key tips for nurses to stay emotionally healthy. Take advantage of the following tips to help you stay emotionally grounded and stable as you go about doing your job to the best of your ability.Find a supportive colleague.This bit of advice is valuable in all professions, but it’s especially important for nurses to find a friend on the job who they can turn to and trust when thing s get intense. Nurses, don’t discount the value of venting your feelings when you’re feeling frustrated or overwhelmed- it can be a great tool for getting a handle on your emotions on particularly stressful days.Find a safe space.Just as important as having a trusted colleague to turn to when you’re feeling emotionally overwhelmed is having a safe space to get away from the chaos for a few moments and let yourself deal with your emotions. It’s normal to feel all sorts of conflicting emotions- both good and bad- when working in the sort of high-stress environments that nurses typically find themselves- the key is to have a comfortable place where you can take a little time to breathe, relax, and collect yourself, and move on with your work day in a healthy and productive way.Know yourself.All nurses are unique individuals, with different likes, dislikes, motivators, and passions- as well as things that relax and ground them. Find the little things in life that relax you, whether it’s deep breathing, soft music, exercise, essential oils, meditation, yoga, or something completely different and unexpected, and be sure to incorporate them into your life in times of emotional volatility or stress to help keep things under control. Schedule it on your calendar if you have to- these individual self-care acts are important to your day, so force yourself to make the time for them. When that calendar alert goes off, it’s time to focus on your well-being.Talk to a professional.Although there are a wide variety of things you can try on your own in an effort to better manage your emotions as a nurse, the truth is that sometimes it isn’t enough- and a little extra help is needed. The Nurse.org article sums it up effectively: â€Å"Nursing can be intense. We have people’s lives in our hands every day. That is why being able to talk to someone about your emotions and get professional feedback is extremely beneficial†¦ Finding a provider is relatively easy. There are websites (www.psychologytoday.com) you can search by provider and then filter by specialty and insurance or you can go through your insurance’s website to get connected. This can help ensure you find the professional that’s right for you.†Being a nurse can be a stressful and challenging career- but that doesn’t mean it needs to derail your emotional stability. Use the strategies here to take control and manage your emotions effectively.

System design requirements document Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

System design requirements document - Essay Example These checks up results are the one used by the doctor as part of making decision on the patient sickness. All these information provided by the different clinical providers is input into the system. 2. Senior leadership- They are involved in providing cash to purchase a new system in the clinic. They are also involved in making decisions whether to change the workflow of the system. These activities make them to be consulted anytime a change is to be made to the system. 3. Medical records staff- This is the person charged with the responsibility of registering patients into the clinic. The staff has also a role of maintaining the medical records. The medical records may include drug supply and releases which is an important aspect to the clinic. Maintaining the drug supply will ensure the doctors do not prescribe a non existing drug. The medical records staff can carry these activities by feeding the data in the system to help in calculations. 4. Administrators/ clinical managers- T hese group have a role of seeing the smooth running of the clinic every day. They also ensure quality improvement in delivery of services leading to the need of including them in requirement collection. 2. Workflow This the procedure followed in a clinic before a patient receives treatment. The workflow starts when a patient visits the clinic to the time they leave. 1. Patient walks into the clinic 2. a. If new patient collection of registration details which includes name, contact information and medical history. b. If an old patient retrieval of the medical record is done by the clerk. 3. Patient moves to the waiting room. 4. The clerk forwards the patient’s medical file to the doctor on duty. 5. Patient proceeds to the check up room 6. Check up on blood pressure, temperature and weight is carried on the patient. 7. The patient proceeds to the doctor’s office with the written form on check up results. 8. The doctor enquires on the reason of the visit. This will estab lish the sickness of the patient. 9. Doctor prescribes medication and billing to the patient. 10. The patient proceeds to the cashier’s desk and pays for the medication. 11. Collection of medication takes place at the pharmacies desk and advice on the way to take it. 12. The patient checks out of the clinic. 3. Improvements to the workflow The main factor affecting the clinical workflow was overbooking by patients. The system should eliminate this by ensuring that the numbers of patients who visit the clinic per day do not exceed the needed number. This can be done by establishing a procedure where patients books appointments long before seeing the doctor. This ensures patients scheduled for a day do not exceed the maximum number a doctor can handle. Another improvement required is to eliminate the delay by patients at the registration desk. The study showed patients spent a lot of time giving information at the reception desk. The main solution would be to reduce the amount of data collected on a specific patient. The contact information would just include the phone number leaving the rest of the things like physical address, zip code and city. This would reduce the amount of time taken to attend to each patient. Improvement on information passing from the different offices was also required. Automation is supposed to allow once a clerk logs a patient visit the doctor can access the patient’s files online. The manual tracing of files can also be eliminated

Student loan vs bank loan Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Student loan vs bank loan - Research Paper Example Flexibility of bank loans and federal loans - Federal loans are more flexible, starting from application to repayment process. Elements of loan forgiveness and guarantee in both loans - Federal loans are entitled to loan forgiveness and are guaranteed in case of death or disability. Bank loans are not. Interest rates – Federal loans have lower and fixed interest rates, while bank loans have higher and unstable interest rates. Counter-argument based on efficiency and student satisfaction – bank loans cater for all student needs as the loan amount is not fixed. The application procedure of bank loan is not cumbersome. 3. Conclusion Importance of both the federal student loans and bank loans in higher education Future of the education aid in United States, in form of bank loans and federal student loans Name Course Instructor Date Student Loan Vs. Bank loans In most developed and developing countries of the world, students are considered for loans to facilitate their highe r education. These are in the form of government student loans or the private loans, including bank loans. This is one of the ways in educational policies to ensure higher education for all in a country. In the United States, student loans are provided under the federal student loans. ... Forest observes that the state government plays the greatest role in financial aid for education of students in higher institutions of learning (259). However, he does not ignore the contribution of the private sector, especially banks, in offering students loans for their higher education. Nevertheless, Forest insists that the US federal government plays the most important role in financing students’ higher education as compared to the private sector, including banks. For instance, between 1998 and 1999, the federal government was responsible for 70 percent of financial aid to college and university students in the form of student loans. This was a total of $46 billion, inclusive of student loans and grants (Forest 260). This therefore points to the great influence of federal student loans in higher education, with bank loans having a lesser influence. According to Forest, what makes federal student loans to be more preferable is their limited requirements and conditions for one to qualify for. In the US, the federal student loans are easy to qualify for, and have fewer restrictions. On the other hand, bank loans are hard to qualify for and highly restrictive. For one to qualify for a bank account, they have to show a reliable credit history, and possess sufficient income as shown by one’s bank account balance. However, most students in the world are still young, with no reliable income or bank account balances, which can serve as collateral for the bank loans. This therefore makes student loans a good option for students, as they do not require any collateral as a qualification condition (Forest 263). â€Å"Kiplinger’s Personal Finance† records that the flexibility of federal student loans

Justification for funding researches on Biotechnology and genetic engineering Essay Example for Free

Justification for funding researches on Biotechnology and genetic engineering Essay Biotechnology and genetic engineering are technologies that employ biological materials to generate or construct enhanced products. The technologies are extensively used in the field of agriculture for the generation of new plant hybrids which present commercially important traits such as size and sweetness and remove the commercially risky features including drought- and insecticide-resistance. In the field of biomedicine, microbial species are modified through genetic engineering and used as basis for the design and creation of new vaccines which will help the public from acquiring specific infectious diseases. It is of my opinion that these sciences be funded for purposes of food enhancements and vaccine improvements because these provide us with new methods of using modified versions of the basic biological materials. The modification of particular plant species may be helpful to us in terms of food and our daily consumption, and maintaining good health in the society. For example, rice may be genetically modified to grow to maturity in half the time the wild rice grows. This means that we will always have ample supply of rice because we do not have to wait for such a very long time. In term of vaccines, it is important the biotechnology and genetic engineering improve vaccines because the bacterial and viral pathogens that cause diseases are also constantly evolving. Viruses are continuously changing the proteins on their cell membrane so that the cells of their host will not recognize and destroy them based on the host’s current immunity. If we do not improve our vaccines, we will not be able to control emerging infections around the world, and this may result in multiple global outbreaks. Hence, it is important that these technological innovations be used to their maximum potential. References Patel R, Torres RJ and Rosset P (2005): Genetic engineering in agriculture and corporate engineering in public debate: Risk, public relations, and public debate over genetically modified crops. Int. J. Occup. Environ. Health 11:428-436.

Essay --

Did you know that over one million people injure themselves each year because of slipping and falling? 300,000 people are injured each year from slipping and falling in the workplace and 15% of workplace deaths are due to the injuries caused by slipping and falling. Slips and falls can be easily prevented by the store or business with anti slip treatments, securing electrical cords, removing rugs or mats or other tripping hazards, routine maintenance, and cleaning up spills as soon as they happen. There are many reasons as to why you could slip and fall and those causes and factors include: †¢ Water †¢ Ice †¢ Snow †¢ Grease or oil †¢ Objects in the way †¢ Floor cleaner †¢ Uneven surfaces †¢ Areas with lots of foot traffic †¢ Unstable areas †¢ Ladders †¢ Stairs †¢ Areas prone to wetness or spills †¢ Bad lighting If you do slip and fall you should ask yourself the following: †¢ What caused the slip and fall? †¢ If the floor was slippery, why was it slippery? †¢ Was it more slippery then normal? †¢ Was there any warning that the floor was slippery? †¢ Did the owner or landlord know abo...

The Introduction of the Concept of Humanism

The introduction of the concept of humanism greatly affected the Renaissance. The Humanistic influence shaped Renaissance art, writing, education and thinkers, its ideas were spread among all aspects of life. Machiavelli†s writings during the Renaissance were also affected by the ideas of humanism. His ideas reflect the thoughts of humanism in the way he thought governments and societies should be organized. Humanism†s influence on art was very obvious, it could be seen slowly infiltrating all art throughout the Renaissance. At the begging of the Renaissance, most art was very dark and dismal. The works portrayed people doing very menial labor, the people did not seem happy and their clothing was very plain. As the Renaissance progressed and humanism†s influence was more felt the paintings used lighter colors, the people in them were smiling and their clothing many times included gold trim or accents. The late Renaissance art also has a larger focus on religion, as humanism inspired people in many forms by the use of Humanism came about with the idea that a person should have a very rounded education covering many aspects of society especially history, geometry, and art. During the renaissance as the ideas of humanism spread, especially in its educational sense, more schools and universities were erected and a much higher percentage of people were formally educated. The universities helped many people become educated, and their education helped all of society because many of them went on to challenge their teacher†s rash observations of the world and make reat discoveries. This proliferation of education was also helped by many inventions such as the printing press which came about because people had more to live for. Many great thinkers during the renaissance were also affected by the ideas of humanism. More people were educated during the renaissance and therefore more intelligent people that simply thought about the world and ways to make it better. These thinkers included Da Vinci, Galileo, and Machiavelli. Leonardo da Vinci was one of the most influential people of the Renaissance. His notebooks were recovered and they contained schematics of machines that have just recently been invented. His inventions that were ahead of their time just show the inginuity and determination of people during the Renaissance. Another great thinker of the time was Galileo, His works showed the spirit of humanism greatly. Galileo†s works went beyond terrestrial research and his research was many times focused on Machiavelli†s writings were some of the most influential throughout the renaissance. His writings helped to reform ociety and government after the Renaissance and are still studied today as part of a â€Å"modern humanistic† course of study. His writings show humanistic thoughts in many ways, he shows this in his â€Å"ideal† orginization of a government this very well. The way he describes the perfect government is with well rounded departments. He also believed that a ruler should not mistreat his citizens, but not pamper them either. Machiavelli†s views were not completely humanistic, though, he did not feel that everyone should have a liberal humanistic education.

Who’s Responsible for Obesity?

Obesity is everybody’s responsibility – the parents and the school authorities, the fast food companies, and the government. Since the issue is now a societal problem after reaching epidemic proportions, it deserves no less than the attention of everybody to deal with obesity. (Raley & Burnor, n.d.)Hence, it is only proper to point out the individual accountabilities of these sectors of society and compel them to do their share in combating the problem.While the responsibility of providing a healthy diet to children primarily belongs to the parents, school authorities are also duty-bound to inculcate into the minds of schoolchildren the correct values of nutrition.Such are the duties assigned them by society: the former being the persons who have the obligation, under the laws of God and country, of nourishing their offsprings, the latter being the individuals who are in the best position to influence the young minds of children. If only the parents and the teachers hav e been doing their duties faithfully, fast food outlets would not have succeeded in causing obesity.Even as fast foods companies have the right to advertise their products, such right does not free them of their moral obligation to warn the public about the adverse effects of their foods. The U.S. constitution itself would only allow the exercise of one’s rights as long as doing so does not deprive others of their own rights. In this context, fast foods companies are within their right to engage in gainful enterprise but they should not do so at the expense of the public’s health.Even if the court exempted them from any legal liability after observing that everybody knows that fast foods contain â€Å"high levels of cholesterol, fat, salt and sugar, and that such attributes are bad for one,† the court’s legal opinion is not a moral judgment. The harmful effects of cigarettes are also well-known, but the law compels cigarette manufacturers to continuously warn the public. Why not oblige fast foods companies to do the same? (Raley & Burnor, n.d.)ReferenceRaley, Y. & Burnor, R. (n.d.). Case 1: Who’s Responsible for Obesity? (Article provided with  

Bush vs Kerry essays

Bush vs Kerry essays Bush vs. Kerry The presidential election of 2004 has been one of controversy, disparity and enthusiasm. President George W. Bush is being pushed by his opponent John Kerry in many different ways. President Bushs every move is being countered by Senator Kerry. Last weeks first Presidential debate was just the stepping stone in the difference in opinions between these two Presidential candidates. John Kerry hasnt lightened up at all in his bashing of President Bushs actions regarding the War in Iraq, education and many other pivotal topics. In my eyes President Bush hasnt exactly done a great job in his current term, but I also think that he could have done a much worse job with the cards that he was dealt. With the 9/11 terrorist attacks, weapons of mass destruction and the War on Iraq all happening in one four year term, he hasnt an awful job keeping the country at ease. I will be interested to see how the rest of these Presidential debates fold out. The key to opportunity in our country starts with education. Bush and Kerry will both have to prove to the country that their plans for education are worth while and will help us stay a float. President Bush developed the No Child Left Behind act, which demands accountability in exchange for the record levels of Federal spending now going to K-12 public education. So far I feel that this has been beneficial to Bushs campaign. I like his ideas on education and I feel that with all the people bashing his decisions regarding the War on Iraq that education might become a light in the tunnel for the republican side. Another one of Bushs ideas for education is to ensure that all high school students are better prepared to enter higher education or the workforce. If President Bush is serious about this, then I think that he might really be getting somewhere with it. More of...

Baby Quotes That Make All the Labor Pain Worth It

Baby Quotes That Make All the Labor Pain Worth It A baby in the house does make its presence felt. Its shrill cries, drooling mouth, smelly diapers, and gurgling laughter, can give any mother a feeling of ecstasy. There is no greater joy than watching a baby. A baby can make melt even the toughest heart. What makes a baby tug at our heartstrings? A baby has only one description. Cute! Babies make the cutest pictures. You can’t blame the newborn’s parents for suddenly metamorphosing into shutterbugs the moment they see their tiny tot smile, laugh or gurgle at them. You can’t help but notice  the innumerable baby pictures hanging on the walls of a pediatric hospital. When I was preparing for the birth of my first child, I was inundated with cute baby pictures cluttering my email box. It does not matter if this is your first baby or your fifth. Each baby brings its own share of pleasant surprises (and unpleasant ones) into your life. If you are expecting a baby, read some of these cute baby quotes to make that 1000-watt smile  brighter. Some of these baby quotes are so very true-to-life that you will find yourself completely agreeing with them. If one of your loved ones has just set out on the journey of parenthood, make their baby showers special with unique baby shower sayings. But if you’d rather stay out of all this baby fuss, just read and enjoy witty baby quotes in this collection. Mark TwainA baby is an inestimable blessing and bother.Tina BrownHaving a baby is like falling in love again, both with your husband and your child.BarrettoBabies are bits of stardust, blown from the hand of God.Eleanor RooseveltI think, at a childs birth, if a mother could ask a fairy godmother to endow it with the most useful gift, that gift would be curiosity.Louisa May AlcottFather asked us, What was Gods noblest work? Anna said, Men, but I said Babies. Men are often bad, but babies never are.Henry David ThoreauEvery child begins the world again.Charles DickensEvery baby born into the world is a finer one than the last.Kate Douglas WigginEvery child born into the world is a new thought of God, an ever-fresh and radiant possibility.Milton BerleIf evolution really works, how come mothers only have two hands?Robert OrbenI always wondered why babies spend so much time sucking their thumbs. Then I tasted baby food.Ronald KnoxA baby is a loud noise at one end and no sense of responsibi lity at the other. Jayne MansfieldCarrying a baby is the most rewarding experience a woman can enjoy.Natalie WoodThe only time a woman really succeeds in changing a man is when he is a baby.T. S. EliotIf you desire to drain to the dregs the fullest cup of scorn and hatred that a fellow human being can pour out for you, let a young mother hear you call dear baby it.William BlakeI have no name: I am but two days old. What shall I call thee? I happy am, Joy is my name. Sweet joy befall thee!Mark TwainMy mother had a great deal of trouble with me, but I think she enjoyed it.

Healthcare Factors that Differentiate the Status of Health in a Essay

Healthcare Factors that Differentiate the Status of Health in a Population - Essay Example Social factors include the resources that improve the living standard of a human being. However, it can be concluded that availability of health sources are dependent on the social factors that enable a person to avail all the resources necessary for having a healthy lifestyle. Such resources include proper healthy food, medicines, prompt healthcare facilities and other necessary basic amenities of life. In case of Texas, majority of people are left unprivileged due to inadequate health resources and low health insurance coverage due to poor socio-economic structure of most people in Texas. As a result, it has been observed that every year 2500 Texans die due to inadequate health facilities, lack of proper food and unavailability of medicines (Code Red Texas, 2012). To ensure good health status in the state of Texas, it is highly important for the state and social welfare organizations to ensure economic stability and awareness regarding health in the area. The state government shoul d take imperative steps to determine all the social factors that are contributing in poor health outcomes. As a result, the government should formulate a plan to enhance and improve the life standard of the people in Texas. This can only be achieved by funding and investing in economic activities, offering better employment opportunities to the people and instilling sense of social responsibility in the minds of people. References US Department of Health and Human Services (2012) Healthy People 2020 retrieved from http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/about/QoLWBabout.aspx Lomas, J. (1998). Social capital and health: implications for public health and epidemiology. Social Science & Medicine, 47(9), 1181-1188. Code Red Texas (2012) Code Red; the critical condition of health in Texas 2012. Retrieved from http://www.coderedtexas.org/files/Code-Red-2012.pdf #Health Literacy Health literacy provides an important platform for handling health related issues for people with low income and low l iteracy rate (Marmot et al, 2006). Health decisions according to Marmot, (2007) are established basing on appropriate standards as required in accordance with existing health policies. Healthcare decisions are therefore valid and valuably relevant especially when considering proper use of newer technologies (US Department of Health and Human Services, 2012). The core substance defined according to societal needs is based on unique health actions. I have analyzed HRSA to study the health communication and the use of technology in health and how it benefits different people. The website (HRSA) provides coherent and in-depth information on each and every disease and other health related issues. It targets the audience within the US and also provides assistance to people living outside of the US through emails and online support. For people unfamiliar with English, it provides all the details in Spanish as a second language. Visuals have been applied and have offered a better level of a ttaining the required information. The use of pictures provides better understanding even to the non healthcare readers to acquire the first hand knowledge and the concept. It could have been more understandable for them if the pictures contain further information regarding a specific disease. The readability ratio on the

Law of Trusts Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Law of Trusts - Coursework Example In this case the testator in transferring property to his wife expressed a wish that she did was as right for their children with regards to disposing of the property.4 The only difference between Adam’s transfer and the transfer of property in Re Adams is that Adam’s words were more specific and contains more certainty relative to his intentions to create a trust. However, since, Alfred’s request came after he had already transferred the property to Barbara, Alfred did not create a trust as a declaration of trust can only occur upon or prior to the transfer of the property in question. In any event, a request is insufficient to constitute certainty of intention.5 Once Alfred transferred the property to Barbara he no longer had any authority over the property.6 As for Barbara, it is entirely doubtful that she intended to create a trust as she merely agreed with Alfred and can therefore be said to be acting on a moral obligation which is not sufficient enough to e stablish intention to create a trust.7 Certainty of objects refers to the certainty with which the beneficiary of a trust can be identified.8 At the end of the day, it must be possible to state with some degree of certainty that a particular beneficiary is the intended object of the trust.9 In a fixed trust such as the one contemplated by Alfred, the identity of the beneficiary is expressed so that the trustee does not have a discretion to determine who is and should be included in the category of entitled beneficiaries. The important thing in both discretionary and fixed trusts is that there is someone that can be identified with a degree of reasonable certainty that is entitled to the benefits of the trusts.10 There is no question that certainty of object is established in this particular case as it is clear that Chloe is the intended beneficiary. With respect to certainty of subject, the trust property must be identifiable. At the end of the day, the trustee must be put in a posi tion to know what property transferred to him by the donor is applicable to the trust.11 There must be certainty as to what portion of the property must be shared or distributed among the identifiable beneficiaries.12 There is no uncertainty with respect to the division of the property in question. The intended disposition is for Chloe to be able to live in the house as long as she needs to. However, there are two main problems with certainty of subject. First, it is not binding on Barbara and therefore not binding on David. The three certainties are fluid and if certainty of intention is not found to exist, certainty of object will therefore be inconsequential. Secondly, the intended trust deals with the disposition of an equitable interest in land and thus there are certain formal requirements that must be observed in order for the trust to be valid and enforceable. Pursuant to Section 53(1)(b) of the Law of Property Act 1925, where a trust is declared in â€Å"land or interest t herein†

Environmental Risk Management Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Environmental Risk Management - Coursework Example For adoption of an effective EMS, this paper discusses the processes involved in Environmental risk assessment. These include hazard assessment, exposure assessment, consequences assessment as well as risk estimation. Through integration of these processes with the major activities undertaken in formulation and implementation of EMS, an organization is able to benefit from an effective EMS. Some of the major implications of an accredited EMS to institutions such as Cowcaddens University include reduced operational costs, public support and competitive advantage. In this regard, this paper discusses some key recommendations that Cowcaddens should adopt. For instance, the institution should engage all stakeholders including employees and students in the entire process of formulating and implementing the EMS. This also entails offering environment conservation courses in addition to offering training to the employees and holding environmental protection seminars and forums. Introduction Environmental Management System (EMS) entails comprehensive strategies that are adopted to effectively manage environmental aspects that affect the day to day operations of companies. ... Other advantages of EMS include improving the production process, reduction of company liabilities and expenses as well as reduction of costs of managing waste materials. For companies to increase total sales, it is imperative for firms to emulate effective EMS especially in the modern times when most consumers are keenly looking for products that are harmless to the environment. This paper seeks to discuss the concepts that are vital in the development of an environmental risk assessment process as part of an Environment Management System of Cowcaddens University. Specific Environmental legislation Environmental Permitting Regulations 2011 SI 2043 Environmental Permitting Regulations 2011 SI 2043 is one of the major environmental legislation that was emulated by UK government in October 2011. The law that seeks to redefine radioactive waste was adopted after several amendments of the earlier Acts. The amendment was done in order to provide effective EMS that ensures risks associated with radioactive materials are properly addressed. Due to the anomalies of Radioactive Substances Act (RSA) of 1960, the UK government recognized the need to make adjustment of the Act. RSA 1993 was also based on RSA 1960. Even though some countries such as Northern Ireland and Scotland have still retained the majority of the provisions of RSA 1993, major reviews have been adopted in UK that are contributed by various environment regulators and industries. This was aimed at making UK attain a strong approach of preventing the country from being negatively affected by the large amount of radioactive materials from the industries. The monitoring of the implementation of the law is to be undertaken in 2015.

Trickledown Theory Of Harajuku Cultural Studies Essay

Trickledown Theory Of Harajuku Cultural Studies Essay Change in fashion has repeatedly been explained as a trickle-down result of class replication followed by class repugnance. But wearing the latest style is no longer a dispensation that is reserved only for the upper strata. The drastic change in fashion cannot be stated as a straightforward progression of transmission from the elites to the masses. Some studies have made an accessible alternate model where sub cultural innovations bubble-up in anticipation of them being adapted by emulating marketable bodies. According to studies fashion is not something that can be promoted in an artificial manner which gives a commercial aspect to the new trends that have just come in the market. The relationship between fashion and so-called anti-fashion is a recurrently dialectical one and therefore there is no coherence in fashion mainstream. There are some trickle downs and bubble ups theories that happen which sometimes moves horizontally or sometimes they just remain where they are despite the difference in culture, class, lifestyle or age groups. Tastes are not purely dictated and we should acknowledge the complexity and idiosyncratic sensual significance of material things in peoples lives. People invest on clothes with both individual and collective facets of identity, memory and imagination. Beyond social competition, fashion comes from the primal pleasures of recital, amusement, foundation and annihilation. On Shibuya Street The hefty traffic and Shibuya are associated in its history. Shibuya was a diminutive village in Edo period, positioned at the Western edge of Central Tokyo. Because of this location, Shibuya Station on spherical Yamate Line also became the terminal for a subway line to Ginza, a railway to Yokohama and numerous additional railways. Shibuya urbanized with the railways and traffic. The railway companies also made Shibuya a well accepted shopping town. In 1934, an enormous railway company called- Tokyu Group first built the foremost department store here. This is the company which attracted many consumers who used to merely overtake Shibuya to shop at Ginza. In 1968, its rival Seibu Railway Group opened Seibu Department Store. They also opened PARCO for younger customers in 1973. Tokyu Group retaliated back by opening Tokyu Hands in 1978. This kept on happening for years and this is the way that Japan fought amongst itself to come out to be todays most sought after countries for fashion. In the streets of shibuya, a very distinct street in Japan, where fashion is at its peak and it proves to be one of the most amazing spots to be in if you are in search for the Japanese culture and how the youth of Japan have taken their history forward. There are a lot of department stores in shibuya here teenagers in group flock around every day. This hub is lively and full of energy due to the fashion carried out here. The area of shibuya is targeted towards younger generations unlike, the other parts, which are known for being wild and quirky. This area also carries forward the tag of being one of the safest shopping destinations which boosts a lot of energy in the people who come to shop there. This street is also famously known to be an environmentally clean area and a place to be when in Japan. Shibuya street fashion is one of the most fashionable, energetic, modern, and a stylish street which offers the latest trends which are creative and very well thought of. It is one of the most sorted out streets after the Harajuku Street and is also considered youthful in nature and one can easily mingle in with the crowd and be a part of them. Ganguro fashion which prominently hit the streets of Japan in 1990s had initially hit the streets of shibuya and this fashion was a new rage on its street till another decade. This fashion was just like punk which is like a legendary fashion in itself but which mutated in the form of other new style as years passed by. This trend was popular amongst the younger teenagers and young ladies in their 20s who would dye their hair blonde or orange in colour along with a deep tan and white concealer which was often used as a lipstick. On the streets of shibuya this fashion died away but newer trends kept following it with a tinge of Ganguro attitude yet attached to it. The newer fashions stuck to the basic foundation of the Ganguro fashion which was purely based on freedom and strength. The fashion in the shibuya districts are just not a focus on about being extreme in nature but it is also about the amalgamation of styles and just like how they see life to static rather than just being con stant. This street is always looking for something which has a creative aspect and a tinge of novelty in the ideas they put forward in the market. One of the most important places in the Shibuya Street is the 109, a fashion building which caters to amazingly youthful and stylish teenagers and attracts crowds easily. The most daring and wild sides of the street are boutiques like candy, centre Gai and Koen Dori which bring out an energizing vibe which is pleasingly attracting the youth. The most interesting part of visiting this street is that it will make both overtly fashionable and less fashionable people feel alike with rich and energetic youthful vibe inside them when they are on the street. Along with these people are the alternative fashion minded gurus who would like to keep to themselves and also dress likewise. Shibuya is known for rekindling the spirit within the youth through their fashion which is carefree and above all a very individualistic in nature. The center of youth fashion and culture the most spectacular thing that happens on this street is at the intersection of the four roads that go to the fashionable and stylish clothes shops. There are people walking in from all directions when the lights go green but the most surprising thing is that no one ever bumps into another person. This fact has been mentioned here purely to suggest that despite of the hysterical movements of people towards each other there are well thought of precautions which the Japanese government has taken and thus this fact has probably amazed me everything is planned, not just fashion. Shibuya is a convenient place to admittance from all directions, and today it is the most important hangout spots amongst youths. The students who live near this street and also the other youths of Japan make the most of this place by experimenting with fashions and cosmetics along with accessories in an extreme form from this street. The 109 department at the shibuya street is one of the most flashy and commercial neighboring suburb of Harajuku street. Here the people act as major players in innovating novel and fashionable sensibilities which eventually become iconic in nature due to celebrities who follow it. In this street it is not normal for the fashion houses to give an opportunity to charismatic salesgirls as forecasters because they believe in formal training in the field. This poses as a difference between both the streets- the Harajuku and the Shibuya Street. The people who undergo a formal training can be positioned in the departmental stores as designers, merchandisers, sales person, stylists, models and marketers as per the qualifications they have achieved. Difference between shibuya and Harajuku Shibuya- here girls and boys in their mid teens and above shop for sexy fashion and do not wear cute fashions at all, unlike the Harajuku people. Here the youth is more fascinated and attracted to the fashion brands existing in the market and b the top models of sexy fashion magazines. The youth of Japan are known for trying hard to create ones own individuality through fashion and thus the youth on this street also abide by the same rule. They create their individual sense by dressing in a sexy manner but on their own terms and conditions. They pair up branded clothing together and I suppose that their disposable income would be higher than the shoppers at Harajuku. Not that I think that shoppers at Harajuku do not buy branded clothing as I also think that the Japanese youth saves money only to shop and nothing else apart from gadgets of course. Harajuku- here the groups or the individual youth follow a specific fashion style that has been adopted from the past like gothic- Lolita and punk. Here the youth is willing to buy clothes from the streets because they get inspired by musicians from the past and their fashion sense surrounds the trends that are ongoing and that are further merged with the fashions of the past. The street of Uhara on the Harajuku Street is called the black alley as it has casual clothes on its disposal. Lot of people here at Harajuku also get influenced by the kei culture which means doing something and thus like I said people here create their individual recognition through the clothes they wear but in a lot of difference than the youth at shibuya. They also get influenced by what they see I magazines and thus follow trends accordingly. Despite of the fact that there are differences in both these streets, people of Japan and the outsiders form a perception that these two streets have much more common factors than differences. Both these streets highly cater to the youth of today and equally the streets are flocked with these teens. The fashion differs in a very minute way but like I mentioned earlier, the impact of street fashion in Japan is ultimate and thus both streets also get inspired from each other. Japanese youth culture As any typical youth of any other country, there was need for a new identity among the youth who wanted to look separate from the ones who dictated by standard social norms. The Harajuku street fashion expresses the costumes the youth would wear on this street. Harajuku fashion is a form of self- expression and is a way to advertise a specific community identity. All the developments of recent Harajuku street fashion are done with guerrilla marketing. The limited edition along with the designers created an environment in which the Japanese kids have been able to co-opt foreign styles, creating something particular, and a kind of fashion nationalism. Shopping has always been an integral part of the Japanese characteristics and a particular way to assert identity among the youth. The development of youth culture has accelerated the rate of trend turnover in Japan. The youth of Japan are highly fashion conscious and would enjoy being cool despite being a nerd. The fashion oriented youth in America or Europe might just fall under the category of being playful and frivolous when it comes to fashion, but the kids in Japan are very serious about fashion. Their combinations and matches are chosen with deep insight rather than on impulse dressing. They treat fashion with a lot of respect, especially boys and thus there is a magazine dedicated only for the hairstyles for them. This means that even boys in Japan are highly conscious about what they wear and how they look. In Harajuku, clothing is a reaction to the immediate reality of the street. This is a democratic idolatry prevalent there. Celebrities, fashion icons, designers, stylists, shop staff, hair stylists and publicists enjoy a great deal of notoriety in this street. Photographers of huge Japanese fashion magazines like fruits and tunes are posed all along the street to capture the ongoing fashion adorned by the youth. On this street, the styles keep coming and going in a matter of flashes. The youth moves in and out of these styles with amazing agility. The fashion at Harajuku and Shibuya are highly distinct from each other in terms of fashion trends and styles though they are only two minutes away by train from each other. Takashi- Dori is another part of the Harajuku Street which catered to food items but eventually culminated into being a fashion product stores. The Harajuku street was born when the first boutique, late night restaurants and cafes opened in that are to give the people there the feel of becoming the most hep street in Tokyo. After the Olympics, the Harajuku influenced youth and began to develop a unique sensibility and stylishness that distinguished them from groups hanging out in Tokyos other shopping areas such as Ginza. Any and every one from a designer to makeup artists who wanted to become a part of Japans fashion industry flocked to Harajuku. The street offered a charged atmosphere that mesmerized the young men and women. The young designers collections were at least one-third copies of that seasons international designs, which were typically highly sought after by the youth in the domestic market. The collection would be easily mistaken for the overseas brands and thus would be sold in wholesale to small shops. To name a few brands that existed during the 1960s were Okawa, Comme des garcons, Yohji Yamamoto, Mastudas Nicole. These brands originally existed on the streets of Harajuku and then came out to be influential names in the world. As the Harajuku boomed, with the growing numbers of young designers manufacturers and retail outlets for this new fashion scene, the small labels into what came to be known as designer character by the mid 1980s. Harajuku still maintains its unique, close knit neighbourhood feel something that is extremely unusual for a Japanese city. Its identity is still about selling the Japans most modern culture, its trends, stylishness and a certain kind of dream- a sense of possibility. Japanese street fashion magazines Once upon a time it was the fashion magazines that ruled the countrys fashion, but today teenagers themselves create their own styles to make a fashion impression and are thus represented as fashion followers in the media. During this time there was a boom in the industry of media where street style magazines offered youngsters to recruit teenagers as editorial staff, just looking at the way they dress and carry themselves. The FRUiTS magazine that launched itself in 1997 was started to document the emerging street fashion movements which totally focused on the outfits of the wearer and the detail of the same, with minimum advertisements. The photos also gave out details of the wearer who was spotted wearing the fashion on the street. The business magazine named WIRED has had a regular column in its magazine since the time it started, about the Japanese Schoolgirl Watch, trying to follow up of their fads. SUBCULTURES Japanese street fashion and adaptations of its culture has been prominent among the youth of Japan since decades. There are many subcultures that the Japanese youth follow and each of them dress according to their own choice of the category they choose to dress like. The fashion districts of Harajuku, Ginza, Shinjuku and Shibuya have a huge number of youth who flock out there during weekends and pick out clothes from these streets. A few styles that the youth in Japan follow will be mentioned here; Lolita The Lolita style in general represents the world of childhood, the time before girls achieve their womanly sexuality Tanaka said, a Lolita fashion researcher. Lolita as a fashion sprung to the surface of Japanese streets in the late 70s and stayed on from then on. The inspiration has been taken from France and the United Kingdom with the touch of rococo and Victorian eras. The Japanese have adapted to these periods and brought down the fashion to being in the form of cuteness, positivity and pure class. Lolita is considered one of the most recognized forms of street fashion, not only in Japan but also in other parts of the world today. Large amount of people have followed it throughout the world today. This style came to be popular in the leading cities of Japan like Tokyo and Osaka where people accepted this fashion readily. The fashion in Lolita is pretty restricted unlike the other fashions like punk and Kawaii. The basis of all other fashions that emerged in Japan is taken from the Lolita fashion but with its own creative difference. There were many boutiques in Japan that started Lolita fashion as their core but went on to other conte mporary lines after a few decades. Some of these boutiques were- the stars shine bright and pink house. During the initial days of Lolita fashion emergence, the music groups who liked this fashion would promote it while they performed and thus this fashion started gaining popularity amongst the youth. Lolita, in USA connotes with being sexual but in Japan this fashion was not linked with looking sexy but it was mostly related to elegance and cuteness. This began as a street fashion nearly two decades ago but has now entered the mainstream movement of fashion and clothing by the youth. This fashion has also become popular and taken on the ramp which has made this style all the more famous to the outside world. The women who follow this fashion live in the world of fantasy and immaturity and refuse to grow into an adult which is taken as a rebel against certain age groups in the society. The Harajuku culture focuses on Lolita fashion as it draws a feminized aesthetic look from the Victorian dolls that are accessorized with ribbons, laces, embroidery, bonnets, corsetry, frills and ringlets in the hair. It is usually the females who make the Lolita fashion more predominant however there are few men on the streets of Harajuku who adopt the bloomers, bows and stockings which is an ideal dress code of Lolita men. Gothic Lolita It is one of the most famous among other Lolita fashions has been able to draw attention from other parts of the world. This kind of fashion has been inspired from the Victorian Goth style which is characterized by dark colours, bats, spiders and Goth icons. The Japanese, though being inspired by other cultures, make these fashions look original by adding a twist of Japanese culture in their dressing. In this fashion, the young girls pull off knee length skirts with petticoats underneath. Their blouses would have the look of Victorian era, having laces and ruffles on the hems. The look is complete with knee length socks paired with boots and accessories like bonnets and brooches. This style is clearly visible in the streets of Japan adorned by number of teenagers. This fashion is also seen at concerts and anime conventions throughout Japan and Europe along with USA in the frame. The market for this kind of clothing is increasing as there are a lot of girls sporting this look in America and Europe. In Japan, Goth is a very minor subculture with few followers, partly because the emphasis upon visual identity in Japanese youth culture makes other factors such as music and literature less important and perhaps this happens partly because Christianity and Germanic culture are not integral parts of society. Sweet Lolita It is more of a fantasy based dressing which is childlike and is connected to fairytale themes, baby animals and there is a lot of innocence in their dressing up. The most popular feature of sweet Lolita is the hello kitty which has pastel colours along with muted colours like pink, white and powder blue. This fashion is popularized as cute as it consists of large head bows, purses which look cute with pastels hues, parasols and stuffed animals which make the look more childlike and innocent. This is the exact opposite style from the classic Lolita and therefore it suits the younger generations more than the older ones. Since the followers of fashion are more from the younger generations, it is more likely that this fashion has more popularity than the classic Lolita look. Even the makeup is naturally toned which balances the outfit along with bouncy curls and stylishly tied up pony tail. The style of the sweet Lolita stands out as it is all about being pretty and modest. Wearing a b louse underneath the jumper is a must for a sweet Lolita dresser. This childlike innocence of the Lolita started in the 80s and was pioneered by many bands who were inspired by the bell shaped skirts which gave an aristocratic elegance to the wearer. The fabrics used in this style a variety of influences from the fruits, flowers and animals and accessories like bows, laces and ribbons. Many eatery places have sweet Lolitas as their mascots. This whole characteristic of being a Lolita is more about a lifestyle and being more feminine. Additionally, outfits will include things like gingham, colourful prints, lace, ribbons, and bows that emphasize cuteness above all other design elements. Often taking themes and references from Alice and Wonderland as well as imagery of cake and fruits, the design plays to a younger mentality. Shoes will also usually have a much shorter heel than most other Lolita styles because of that childlike nature, and jewellery is heavily influenced by fantasy themes, using cherries, hearts, cakes, ribbons, and bows for accessorization. Purses and bags are similarly catered to a younger mindset with stuffed animals and hearts for accessories. Punk Lolita It is a form of fashionable subculture in which teenagers dress mixing the punk look with the Lolita fashion. The silhouette of the original Lolita is intact while the colours and accessories differ. It also looks like a deconstructed and a crazy look but the youth who can carry it off well, do maintain it with a fashionable approach. They are heavily influenced by the western punk fashion but the Japanese have made it look cuter in a few aspects they adapted. It was a great roar during the 2000s along with other fashions like the gothic Lolita. This style is often more casual-looking than other Lolita styles. A typical outfit will have a mini top hat, a simple cut sew with a deconstructed Lolitaesque print, a pleated tartan skirt and chunky platform boots. Sometimes Punk Lolitas will be seen with nekomimi (cat ears), although its considered Cosplay by the majority of Lolitas. The overall look of this style is quite edgy and at the same time also cute. The influence of this style is taken from the standard punk style with hints of psychobilly. The color schemes that this style adheres by are rather in contrast to each other than a balanced color scheme black and red, black and white are the two major combinations worn by the youth who follow this style. Usually the western punk style has more of solid colors that represent the punk style but here in Japan prints such as checkerboards, diamonds, spider webs and leopard prints are considered for punk. Prints of roses, crosses and skulls are also popular amongst the wearers alo ng with a small amount of laces and frills attached to their outfits. Several fabrics are used to create layers which have on symmetry. Leather jackets and short skirts denote the look for punk- Lolitas. Punk Lolita is the only style among all the fashion prevalent in Japan that sports leg and hand warmers. The accessories donned by these fashion followers are chains, studded belts, spooky rivets, chokers and laces. Edgy bags with a plain surface would very well add to complete the punk look. There is a use of dark eye shadows, mascara and eyeliners with red or pink lipsticks to create a highlight in the all dark outfit. Classic Lolita It is one of the most traditional forms of Lolita fashions. The look is pretty mature and business like as it has colours like blue, green and red. The classic form of the Lolita fashion suits a wider age group and has more aspects of the Victorian era than any other form of Lolita fashions. This fashion is more about the floral patterns and looking classy rather than just being stuck on cuteness and bold colours. This is the main reason that it is easy for the other age groups to flaunt it. Kodona Lolita It means boy style version of Lolita. This fashion is inspired by the Victorian era boys who would dress up in prince pants which are Capri style pants cut off till the knee. Their shirts have a lot of detailing in it with laces while their accessories consist of top hats and knee length socks. Gyaru fashion It had originated in 1970s on the streets of Japan. This look was a huge rage among the girls as it focused on girly- glam style of dressing which broke all the rules of being pretty. Youngsters who followed these styles would wear man-made beauty such as wigs, fake eye lashes and nails. Not all the people who followed this kind of fashion dressed in a proactive manner, it generally varied on the choice of people who adapted only half of what this fashion consisted of. Gyaru means gal or girly in Japanese language. Though it is altogether a different subculture they have a signature look which comprises of big hair which are usually coloured slightly or curled. There is a use of circle lenses, false eye lashes and elaborately designed nails. They dress in a very trendy manner with clothes and makeup like that of a teenager in Japan. This style is also accepted by most movie stars and is often displayed in their movies as well. To imitate the Californian Barbie, which is darker than the normal Barbie, some of the followers of Gyaru even tend to tan themselves. The Gyaru fashion is also described as a prostitute chic look which comprises of wearing hot pants, platforms and over dramatized makeup. This fashion has a thin line between ugly and beautiful and has been able to separate the young women of Japan from their traditional and feminine concepts. It could grant them ownership of their self-image, provide confidence in the male-dominated public sphere where they were encouraged to be modest and acquiescent, and allow strong bonds of female alliance. Ganguro fashion It became popular among the Japanese girls in the 90s and rose to popularity in the 2000s. This fashion includes bright clothing, mini-skirts and tie-dyed sarongs. Ganguro in Japanese means black-face and this style has a peculiar style dyeing hair. The streets of shibuya and Harajuku were filled with this fashion. The look is complete if the hair is bleached completely with a deep tan skin tone along with fake lashes, white and black eye liner. The accessories stand out from the rest of the fashions and it includes bracelets, earrings, necklaces, rings and platform heel shoes. Ganguro magazines were issued where fashions of deeper tans, white lipstick and multicoloured pastel eye shadows in metallic shades were promoted. There was no specific reason that this style came into the market but it is vaguely said that the girls during those years were infatuated with the styles of Janet Jackson or perhaps Naomi Campbell. It was therefore also said to be racist in nature. Ganguro has been identified as a new fashion style imitating certain hip hop outward physical features, such as blackened faces and necks with shimmering makeup, blond or white hair, boots with solid platform soles, and bright colored tight miniskirts. As commonly recognized, such an imitation is in fact an open expression of individuality, freedom, and sexuality. There have been studies which say that Ganguro style of Japan is influenced by the hip hop culture of the west. It is also more than just the style of dance. For Japanese it is an expression to identify oneself from the standard social Japanese cultures. Ganguro is not an isolated social phenomenon, but an impact exerted by hip hop culture upon the Japanese young generation. The other nations have taken the hip hop dance, music and lyrics as an inspiration but for the Japanese it was about taking the look. This is how we know that the Japanese people are way ahead in fashion and adaptations of cultures. A lot of speculations have been made as to from where this style is being taken up from. Some say that teenage girls have adapted this fashion only because they want to rebel against wearing uniforms in order to express their individuality. Some say that there were singers who got popular wearing this style, and thats the reason the youth adapted to it. Although Ganguro as a fashion style does not fit well with traditional Japanese social standards and cultural values, it becomes popular among some girls who are just approaching adult life. Many non-Ganguro girls and boys readily accept some of the Ganguro elements, and fearing exclusion, some may often conform to the style due to peer pressures. Ganguro girls have made their own choice to not follow the pack but, instead, they have chosen a carefree and open approach to living for the moment and for escaping the feelings of being ignored or neglected at home and isolated, bullied or depressed at school. As one of the hip hop characteristics, a carefree life style is the stimulus for Ganguro girls to be largely unconcerned with money and material gain. Like all individuals, Ganguro girls want to enjoy life. They prefer to wear a flamboyant outfit and hang out with their friends for fun instead of struggling with their compelling school tasks or boring jobs.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Some researchers in the field of Japanese social and/or studies believe that Ganguro as a fashion style is the younger generations revenge against traditional Japanese society; others believe Ganguro is promoted by those who intend to change the peripheral female position in Japanese society; others believe that it is some Japanese girls explicit self-expression of sexual attractiveness; others believe that it is just some Japanese girls imitation of some elements of an African womans appearance to be a woman, and still others believe that it makes girls  Kawaii  (cute) or cool because it makes them look different from others.